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Glucagon ELISA
Glucagon is a 29-amino acid peptide that is produced from the cleavage of proglucagon (160 amino acids) by proprotein convertase 2 in pancreatic alpha cells. In intestinal L‐cells, proglucagon is cleaved into glicentin, a 69 amino acid peptide. Glicentin...
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Glucagon ELISA
Glucagon is involved in carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism and is the main catabolic hormone of the body. Glucagon raises the concentration of glucose and fatty acids in the bloodstream and plays an important role in maintaining glucose homeostasis by promoting gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis.
Glucagon has traditionally been considered an antagonist to insulin, with insulin reducing blood glucose levels and glucagon increasing them. As the level of blood glucose decreases, the pancreas releases more glucagon. As blood glucose increases, the pancreas releases less glucagon. Once blood glucose levels have normalized, glucagon secretion ceases. Individuals with diabetes, pancreatitis, glucagonoma, multiple endocrine neoplasia, or liver cirrhosis may have abnormal glucagon levels, which may result in hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) or hyperglycemia (high blood sugar).
Glucagon decreases fatty acid synthesis in adipose tissue and liver and promotes lipolysis in these tissues, which causes the release of fatty acids into circulation where they can be catabolized to generate energy in tissues such as skeletal muscle when required. Glucagon also regulates the rate of glucose production through lipolysis. Glucagon induces lipolysis in humans under conditions of insulin suppression.
Glucagon, a 29-amino acid peptide, is produced by cleaving proglucagon (160 amino acids) with proprotein convertase 2 in pancreatic alpha cells. Recent research has demonstrated that glucagon production may also occur outside the pancreas, with the gut being the most likely site of extrapancreatic glucagon synthesis. In intestinal L‐cells, proglucagon is cleaved into glicentin (69 amino acid peptide). Glicentin can undergo further processing to oxyntomodulin (37 amino acids). These peptides are released simultaneously.
The Glucagon ELISA is a two-step capture or ‘sandwich’ type immunoassay. The assay makes use of two highly specific monoclonal antibodies: A monoclonal antibody specific for glucagon is immobilized onto the microplate and another monoclonal antibody specific for a different epitope of glucagon is conjugated to horse radish peroxidase (HRP conjugate). This ELISA can be performed in 2 hours utilizing a room temperature incubation with no plate shaking required.
The Glucagon ELISA is used for the quantitative measurement of Glucagon in human EDTA plasma. 510(k) Exempt - For in vitro diagnostic use only.
