TSC1 is a tumor-suppressor gene encoding a protein TSC1/Hamartin of about 130 kDa. Loss of its function causes TSC (tuberous sclerosis complex) or angiomyolipoma in human and in an animal model, TSC1 knockout mouse develops a renal tumor. TSC1/Hamartin, a product of TSC1, forms a complex with TSC2/Tuberin, a product of another tumor-suppressor gene TSC2 in cytoplasm. The complex suppresses mTOR activity and regulates cellular growth and division in a insulin signaling pathway. Under the condition of proliferation stimulus, forming of the complex is inhibited, and as a result, suppression to mTOR comes off and it leads to cellular growth and division. For research use only, not for use in diagnostic procedures.